![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() *Sometimes the past participle is the same as the past tense: The past participle is the third form of the verb (taken, seen). (meaning is the same as might have, may have) (I spent too much money, I wish I had spent less.)ĬOULD has several meanings: 1 past tense of can: I couldn’t sleep. We use this structure to show regret for something that we did not do in the past. SHOULD: We should have spent less money last vacation. We use this structure only for meaning 2: MUST has two meanings: 1 compulsion: I must go. *HAVE is always used in this structure, never HAS Modal verbs are: could, should, must, can, would, may, might etc.Ī common structure for modal verbs in the past is: We were running => We were not running/We weren’t running Sammy was eating => Sammy was not eating/Sammy wasn’t eating Often, the past continuous tense is used to give some background detail for a story: They were walking down the street when they saw him. I visited the Vatican is the shorter actionīen was reading a book when he heard a knock at the door. I visited the Vatican while I was traveling in Italy. The past continuous is used to describe a continuous or longer action in the past: The past continuous tense is sometimes called the past progressive tense. Sentence 2 may be used in a text about the theory of quantum bias. Sentence 1 may be used in a text about Robert Singleton. (not important who built it)ġ Robert Singleton discovered the theory of quantum bias in 1875.Ģ The theory of quantum bias was discovered in 1875. Ladies and Gentlemen, the national anthem will now be played.Ģ We use passive sentences when the object of the action is more important than the subject: (by someone)ġ Passive sentences are more formal. Generally, this means you ordered someone to do a task for you: However, sometimes ‘by’ sounds unnatural.ģ Some sentences (with no object) cannot have a passive form:Ĥ We have forms of the passive that use HAVE and GET instead of BE. The –ed on finished indicates passive voice.Ģ Sometimes we use the word ‘by’ with passive. Present perfect: The house has been sold…ġ We use the past participle, no matter what the tense. Present continuous: The house is being sold… Past continuous: The house was being sold. The structure of a passive sentence is as follows: In a passive sentence, the object of the verb is moved to the beginning of the sentence: = Passive VoiceĪ standard English sentence is written in the active voice, where the subject performs the action on the object: ![]()
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